curing is one of the critical stages in postharvest wastage of garlic. To find out the suitable method of curing, a two-year examination has been followed. Garlic bulbs were harvested 7 days after cutting off irrigation and, from the point of diameter, were devided into three groups: less than 3. 5 cm. between 3. 5 to 5. 5 cm. and longer than 5. 5 cm. Plants cured with leaves of various shapes (standing and horizontal) and without leaves (upward and downward stem) to be dried up in the shade and were compared with the field curing: harvesting 35 days after the last irrigation. Results showed that after harvesting, the moisture content of various parts of bulbs with diameter longer than 5. 5 cm. was more than what could be found in other two groups and the difference between pungency and firmness of bulbs was not significant. Among treatments, moisture loss in bulbs dried with leaves was higher than that in bulbs without leaves, and little difference was noticed in moisture losses among the bulbs of different sizes. Spoilage and bulb weight loss after four months, as well as color changes and pungency losses in field curing were significantly higher than that when curung occurred out of the field. curing with the leaves faced with more color changes and weight loss than what could be niticed in curing without the leaves. We came to this conclusion that curing without the leaves was the best way of curing, but there was no significant difference between the quality properties and shelf life of bulbs with upward or downward stems.

Background and Aims: Using the conservative adhesive resin restoration (CAR) in uncooperative children lead to numerous problems because of being time consuming. The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage of conservative adhesive resin restoration under separate curing and co-curing.Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 120 intact premolar teeth were collected and 120 vertical grooves were prepared on them. Then the teeth were divided into four groups: group 1, separated curing of bonding agent, flowable composite and sealant; group 2, co-curing of all materials for 60 seconds; group 3, co-curing of all materials for 40 seconds and group 4, co-curing of all materials for 20 seconds. Then the specimens were thermocycled and immersed in basic fuchsin solution. The teeth were sectioned horizontally and dye penetration was evaluated with stereomicroscope. Dates were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test.Results: Mean value of dye penetration in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 1.53±0.6, 2.06±0.6, 2.5±0.7 and 3.53±0.6, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between group 1 and the other groups (P=0.0001).Conclusion: Considering the problems caused by microleakage in conservative resin adhesive restorations, cocuring method should not be used. In the case of using co-curing method, 60 second curing time is suggested for sufficient polymerization.

This research evaluated the effects of onion curing methods on the qualitative traits of Iranian onion cultivars (Azarshahr Red, Neishabour Red, Kashan White, Qom White). Testing was carried out in the autumn and winter of 2007. The experimental design was factorial with two factors and three replicates. The factors were traditional and sunlight curing methods at 42oC for 12 hr for 48oC for 4 hr and four onion cultivars. Bulb qualitative traits of firmness, sprouting percentage, total soluble solids content, vitamin C content and pyruvic acid content (pungency index) were recorded after four months storage. Results showed that onions stored using the different curing methods showed significant differences in firmness, weight loss, sprouting, vitamin C and pungency rate. Kashan White, Neishabour Red and Qom White demonstrated higher firmness. Bulbs cured at 42oC in sunlight had a higher rate of sprouting compared to those stored at 48oC. Pyruvic acid content in the sunlight method was higher than for the other method; the percentage of vitamin C was higher for onions cured at 42oC. Qom White onions cured solely in sunlight produced fewer losses and suitable quality traits, thus, this treatment is recommended.

Today concrete is most generally utilized development material in the world due to its strength and sturdiness properties. To attain good strength, curing of concrete is important so we introduce the concept of self-curing concrete rather than immersion or sprinkle curing to avoid water scarcity. It was observed that water solvent polymers can be utilized as a self-curing agent, i. e. polyethylene glycol (PEG-400). In the present study, to discover the effect of admixture polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) on compression strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength, adding the diverse rate of PEG-400 to the weight of cement from zero to two percentages as the measurement of the curing agent is done. The test results were studied for M30 concrete mix. The optimum percentage of PEG-400 was found to be 1% for compressive and Split Tensile Strength. If the dosage of PEG-400 increases to more than 1%, there is a decline in compressive and split tensile strength. However, the optimum percentage of PEG-400 for flexural strength was found at 0. 5%. If we increase the dosage of PEG-400 more than 0. 5%, there is reduction in strength of flexural strength.